https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/OR6A2

It’s likely linked to OR6A2.

I had a coworker who had this gene and TAS2R38, the one that makes people taste bitter stronger.

We ended up on several multi-country business trips together every year. So we were eating all sorts of local cuisine.

I always tried to sit where I could see her face during any meal. It was comedy gold at times.

Write a series of single query per e-mail.

Set then up on delayed delivery every hour through their workday.

It only takes once or twice until people read your entire e-mails.

Freereadfeed.com

Then use the library for the rest of the series if needed. :-).

Please do NOT attempt to disinfect your own seeds. It sounds like a good idea but in practice it’s not.

It takes some very precise equipment to effectively utilize this method. If you don’t do it correctly you can kill the seeds or select for resistance to the disinfectant in the pathogen. Neither is a good option.

It also doesn’t work that well unless you do all the things not in the paper perfectly. Stuff like, harvest the seed at the correct maturity, treat the seed within a limited number of days. Disinfect at the right moisture level etc… it all gets extremely complicated and very species specific.

Oh and you also have to be sure to know the pathogen you are disinfecting. For example bleach and hot water does little against TMV in tomatoes and peppers. Now a TSP (tri-sodium phosphate) bath immediately after harvest is highly effective.

I strongly discourage seed trading from unknown and untested sources.

There are tons of diseases and pests that can be shared with he seed. Many of them once established can wreck havoc on local agriculture and the environment.

This isn’t some esoteric “Maybe” it will happen. It happens every year, constantly, all around the world.

But hey, go ahead and fuck up the planet because you want to have a hobby.

See, totally not evil, yep no evil enterprise here, just the happy little aspirin people, no horrific evil history to be seen La de da t… 🎶

I don’t think you quite understand what a hybrid for annual crops is. Hybrids in trees are fundamentally different. Same word different meaning.

They make their money from royalty payments for GMO traits. It’s up to 3x more profit than they get off the seed alone.

Stop your bullshit.

Not only are they fertile, it is standard protocol to purchase competitors hybrid F1 seed and produce F2 seed in most species (except corn). Eventually plant breeders create inbreds (self-pollinating for 6+ generation’s). These inbreds are the used to make new F1 hybrids. In Europe this is referred to as “plant breeders rights”.

In corn they have to get a little bit more creative. Corn breeders have to keep distinct genetically distant breeding pools to maintain heterosis in their the resulting hybrids. They pull traits from a competitors hybrid utilizing backcross breeding into their breeding pools.

Monsanto doesn’t even exist anymore. It was bought out by the totally not evil company Bayer a while back.

Of course Bayer has suffered quite a bit of indigestion over gobling up that morsel over the years.

Where the fuck do people come up with this shit?

No the “vast majority” of crops are not infertile. They are hybrids. Farmers buy the seeds because of a genetic phenomenon called heterosis AKA hybrid vigor. It takes expertise and a shit ton of money to make hybrid seed. If growers could get the same performance from saving their own seeds only an absolute dumbfuck would buy seeds from a seed company.

Now there are a few species that hybrids can only be made by taking advantage of mutants that have male sterility genes. The resulting hybrids are still fertile (produce viable female gametes) but need an outside source of pollen. Examples: onions, sunflowers and carrots.

The only “sterile” seed sold is seedless watermelon aka triploid seed. Seedless watermelons are only sold because the market demands it thanks to a push by the USDA after being created in Japan pre-WW2. The margins on seedless watermelon seed are often 40-50% less than hybrid diploid seed. And don’t get me started on the research cost - 14-15 generations for a new female line versus 7-8 for seeded types.

Not even close.

Seedless watermelons are a triploid. These are hybrid between a tetraploid female and a diplod male. The plant has three copies of every chromosome and is unable to produce fertile gametes aka completely sterile.

Fruit formation is triggered by fertile diploid pollen (planted in the field In a 4:1 ratio). The fruit then continues to grow without embryo formation in the fruit seeds (pips).

Saving seed for the farms own use is expressly allowed under plant variety protection and patent laws in the U.S.

This is why the seed companies created contracts that they require all growers to sign before being allowed to purchase GMO crops. The prohibition from saving seed is from the signed agreement not from the patent or PVP.

Say if you got grain from the farmer for your bird feeder. Then if you happen to use the grain as seed to plant some for next year’s bird feeder — completely legal. You are not bound by the agreement between the farmer/seed company. Unless you try to sell the grain/seed to another person. Then you are in violation of the seed companies patent in the U.S.

Remember that corn shows a severe amount of inbreeding depression. So the F2 plant will not produce as much as the farmers F1 did the year before.

That’s exactly why the original terminator gene was a joint USDA-ARS /delta-pine effort. The USDA-ARS was looking for ways to prevent GMO species from escaping and causing issues.

You know the shit that actually happened. For example -

Creeping Bentgrass

https://www.opb.org/news/article/gmo-grass-oregon-creeping-bent-scotts-monsanto/

Wheat -

https://www.nature.com/articles/499262a

Corn/teosinte

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0167880918301075

It is likely bacterial growth. The inoculum most likely is coming in the water source. Although bacterial growth is inhibited by water treatment, there is always some there. It could also just be floating around in the air on dust particles. These bacteria a tough and ubiquitous in nature.

What likely happened - you had several competing species growing in the solution. Most were likely unicellular while this one likes to form a colony. It’s likely in the same group that forms the dreaded white films on the top on aquariums. When you sterilized eveything, you eliminated the competition and this species was able to grow larger and faster.

So what to do - I personally would run it though a blender to break up the floaters before using it and otherwise ignore it. It doesn’t harm anything so why fight it?

Have played every version of BF since it came out. Haven’t purchased or played BF2042 since they abandoned BF1 & BF5 still full of bugs.

EA doesn’t give a fuck about the quality of their games anymore. To be fair, none of the major studios do anymore. They are too big and try to race through development to make sure that this years sales numbers are bigger than last year’s.

My wife’s Pomeranian.

All cuddles until you piss him off by going somewhere without him. Then your shoe is chewed up and in the middle of the backyard.

I caught him heading for the koi pond with one the other day. Little shit…

Layoffs are common very large companies because of how they operate.

Although they start as innovative companies once they hit a certain size threshold internal inertia prevents any significant innovation.

In order to maintain growth they must buy smaller innovative companies and capitalize on the innovation using their vaster resources.

After they have sucked every last bit of money the purchased innovation, they layoff employees they purchase with the innovative company and all those they added in its ramp up.

They then go on the hunt to purchase the next smaller innovative company.

Mega corporations are a parasite on the economy.

Public indecency in front of a group of police officers was goto for many homeless people in my state. It’s a minor crime with up to 90 days in jail.

Flash th cops in late November, get out in early March.

Much safer than trying to live on the streets over the winter.

The last major antitrust action on this scale in the U.S. 8 years to process.

https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Breakup_of_the_Bell_System

This type of lawsuit is why the billionaire bro’s are backing the senile rapist and felon. Making them play somewhat fair ruins their business plan.